Retinitis Pigmentosa

The retina is a part of the eye that translates light into signals that are then broadcast to the brain, allowing us to see. Unfortunately, the photoreceptor cells within the retina can begin to degenerate due to Retinitis Pigmentosa, a category of rare eye disorders that are genetically transmitted.

Over time, people with this condition will experience a gradual decline in their ability to see. Retinitis Pigmentosa symptoms may start with night blindness, eventually lead to peripheral vision loss, and sometimes result in total blindness. Although no cure exists for these disorders, some treatments can help manage their effects and improve patients’ quality of life. Additionally, Retinitis Pigmentosa genetic testing can help guide treatment decisions and future family planning.

Retinitis Pigmentosa Causes

Retinitis Pigmentosa is caused by genetic mutations that hinder the proper functioning of specific cells within the retina. It can be transmitted from one or both parents to the child, and different patterns of Retinitis Pigmentosa inheritance have been identified:

• Autosomal Dominant RP – In this type, a defective gene is inherited from a single parent, with the child having a 50% chance of developing the disorder. Vision loss tends to progress more slowly with this inheritance pattern.
• Autosomal Recessive RP – This occurs when both parents transmit a defective gene to the child, and the condition often progresses more swiftly.
• X-Linked RP – This type is passed down only from the female parent. Daughters can carry the defective gene but are usually asymptomatic, while sons have a 50% chance of developing the condition.

Retinitis Pigmentosa Symptoms & Diagnosis

If you are dealing with any of the following symptoms, we encourage you to get in touch with our local team of experts at Sight360 for an eye exam and potential diagnosis:

• Issues with night vision or seeing in dim light
• Development of blind spots on the side of your field of vision
• Seeing a twinkling or flashing light
• Tunnel vision (lack of central vision)
• Sensitivity to bright light
• Inability to see color

There are several techniques used in the diagnostic process for Retinitis Pigmentosa. Genetic testing is a crucial tool that can verify the specific mutations. Additionally, diagnostic methods include electroretinography, which measures the retina’s response to light, visual field testing to evaluate peripheral vision, and a dilated eye exam to examine the retina.

Is There a Retinitis Pigmentosa Treatment?

While it cannot be cured, some things can be done to slow Retinitis Pigmentosa progression and help patients manage their symptoms.

Retinal implants are one treatment option. This cutting-edge technology helps patients suffering from significant sight loss benefit from limited vision. The implants work by capturing light and electrically stimulating undamaged cells in the retina.

Certain studies suggest that vitamin A can also be used to slow down the progression of some types of Retinitis Pigmentosa. However, because ingesting too much of this vitamin can be bad for your health, it is best to look to a trained ophthalmologist to advise you about supplementation.

Outside of treatments, there are also ways in which to improve the quality of life of those with Retinitis Pigmentosa. For example, the use of low-vision aids can help individuals maintain their independence as their condition progresses.

Learn More About Retinitis Pigmentosa With Help From Sight360

If you believe you may be affected by Retinitis Pigmentosa, contact the experienced professionals at Sight360 today. We are here to assist with the diagnostic process and support you in planning for the future.